by Ekrem Duman | Aug 26, 2026 | Competition & Antitrust, State Aid & Subsidy Control
⚡ TL;DRPost-Brexit, the UK replaced EU state aid law with the Subsidy Control Act 2022: a self-assessment regime in which public authorities apply seven principles themselves, with no prior approval requirement for most subsidies. The Competition and Markets...
by Ekrem Duman | Aug 26, 2026 | Competition & Antitrust, State Aid & Subsidy Control
⚡ TL;DRBetween 2015 and 2024 the European Commission used state aid law to attack selective corporate tax arrangements — Apple/Ireland (€13 billion), Fiat/Luxembourg, Starbucks/Netherlands, Amazon/Luxembourg, Engie, Nike, McDonald’s. The courts split the...
by Ekrem Duman | Aug 26, 2026 | Competition & Antitrust, State Aid & Subsidy Control
⚡ TL;DRThe EU Foreign Subsidies Regulation (in force since 2023) closes the gap state aid law never covered: subsidies from non-EU governments distorting the EU internal market. It creates three tools — mandatory notification of large M&A deals where the parties...
by Ekrem Duman | Aug 26, 2026 | Competition & Antitrust, State Aid & Subsidy Control
⚡ TL;DRMember states must notify planned aid to the Commission and not implement it until cleared — the standstill obligation of Article 108(3). Aid granted without notification is unlawful and must be recovered from the beneficiary with compound interest,...
by Ekrem Duman | Aug 26, 2026 | Competition & Antitrust, State Aid & Subsidy Control
⚡ TL;DRState aid is any advantage granted by a member state or through state resources that is selective, distorts or threatens competition, and affects trade between member states — Article 107(1) TFEU. All four conditions must be met. Aid is prohibited in...
