by Ekrem Duman | Aug 26, 2026 | Abuse of Dominance, Competition & Antitrust
⚡ TL;DRExclusivity, tying and loyalty rebates are the dominant firm’s classic distribution weapons — and the most frequently condemned abuse category. Exclusive dealing forecloses rivals from customers; tying leverages a must-have product into a contested...
by Ekrem Duman | Aug 26, 2026 | Abuse of Dominance, Competition & Antitrust
⚡ TL;DRDominant firms are generally free to choose their trading partners — but the freedom ends where an input is indispensable and refusal eliminates downstream competition. The EU’s essential-facilities line (Magill, Bronner, Microsoft, Slovak Telekom) orders...
by Ekrem Duman | Aug 26, 2026 | Abuse of Dominance, Competition & Antitrust
⚡ TL;DRPredatory pricing is a dominant firm pricing below cost to eliminate rivals and recoup later: below average variable/avoidable cost is presumed abusive (AKZO), between AVC and average total cost it is abusive with exclusionary intent, and US law adds a strict...
by Ekrem Duman | Aug 26, 2026 | Abuse of Dominance, Competition & Antitrust
⚡ TL;DRMarket definition sets the denominator of every share figure, and dominance assessment tests whether that share equals real power. The tools: demand-side substitutability probed by the SSNIP (hypothetical monopolist) test, supply-side substitution, geographic...
by Ekrem Duman | Aug 26, 2026 | Abuse of Dominance, Competition & Antitrust
⚡ TL;DRBeing dominant is legal; abusing dominance is not. Abuse means a dominant firm using methods other than competition on the merits to exclude rivals (exclusive dealing, predatory pricing, tying, refusal to supply, self-preferencing) or to exploit customers...
