by Ekrem Duman | Aug 26, 2026 | Competition & Antitrust, Landmark Antitrust Cases
⚡ TL;DRUnited States v. Microsoft (1998–2001) established that a dominant platform may not use exclusionary tactics to protect its monopoly against nascent threats — Netscape’s browser and Java. The breakup order was reversed on appeal, but the liability...
by Ekrem Duman | Aug 26, 2026 | Competition & Antitrust, Merger Control
⚡ TL;DRCross-border deals routinely trigger merger filings in five to forty jurisdictions plus foreign-investment (FDI) screening and, in the EU, the Foreign Subsidies Regulation. The discipline: map the filing footprint at term-sheet stage, sequence the hard reviews...
by Ekrem Duman | Aug 26, 2026 | Competition & Antitrust, Merger Control
⚡ TL;DRMerger reviews run in two stages almost everywhere: a Phase I screen of roughly 25–40 working days that clears the vast majority of deals, and a Phase II in-depth investigation of four to eight months for deals raising serious doubts. Remedies —...
by Ekrem Duman | Aug 26, 2026 | Competition & Antitrust, Merger Control
⚡ TL;DRGun jumping is implementing a merger before clearance — either by closing a notifiable deal without filing, or by exercising control over the target during review. Fines have reached €124.5 million (Altice), €28 million (Canon) and ~€432 million...
by Ekrem Duman | Aug 26, 2026 | Competition & Antitrust, Merger Control
⚡ TL;DRIn 2026 the key thresholds are: US — HSR filings from $133.9 million deal size; EU — combined worldwide turnover above €5 billion with two parties each above €250 million in the EU (or the alternative €2.5 billion test); UK — voluntary, but...
by Ekrem Duman | Aug 26, 2026 | Competition & Antitrust, Merger Control
⚡ TL;DRYou need competition authority approval when a deal creates a lasting “change of control” and the parties’ revenues exceed national notification thresholds. In mandatory, suspensory regimes — the EU, Türkiye, China, the US and roughly 130...
