Contract Negotiation arşivleri

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COGSA and Common Carrier Liability: Ocean Contract Controls

by Ekrem Duman | Jul 15, 2026 | Contract Negotiation, Procurement, Supply Chain

⚡ TL;DROcean liability is shaped by the transport contract, bill of lading, applicable law, carrier role, charter structure and evidence of cargo condition. Procurement should identify the regime and negotiate operational controls rather than relying on a generic...

Laycan and Berth Terms: Controlling Ocean Loading Windows

by Ekrem Duman | Jul 15, 2026 | Contract Negotiation, Procurement, Supply Chain

⚡ TL;DRLaycan is a loading window, not a vague target date. Procurement should contract the opening and cancelling dates, berth responsibility, notice rules, readiness evidence, delay costs and approval path for any change. Key TakeawaysRecord laycan as opening and...

Freight Contracts and Parties: Carrier, Forwarder, Broker, BCO and Charter Party

by Ekrem Duman | Jul 14, 2026 | Contract Negotiation, Procurement, Sourcing

⚡ TL;DRLogistics providers can act as agent, broker, forwarder, contracting carrier or principal in different transactions. Procurement must identify the legal role for each lane, who contracts with the performing carrier, whose terms govern, who holds licences and...

Cargo Insurance and Claims for Procurement: Evidence, Liability and Recovery

by Ekrem Duman | Jul 14, 2026 | Contract Negotiation, Procurement, Supply Chain

⚡ TL;DRCargo insurance and carrier liability are different recovery paths. Procurement must know when risk transfers, who arranges insurance, what the policy excludes, which liability regime applies and how quickly notice must be given. A clean transport document or...

CFR vs CIF vs CIP: A Procurement Guide to Cost, Risk and Insurance

by Ekrem Duman | Jul 14, 2026 | Contract Negotiation, Procurement

⚡ TL;DRCFR and CIF apply only to sea and inland-waterway transport; CIP works with any mode. Under all three C-terms, the seller pays for carriage to the named destination while risk transfers earlier at delivery. CIF and CIP require seller-arranged insurance, but...

International Trade Payment Terms for Procurement: L/C, CAD, CIA, CWO and COD

by Ekrem Duman | Jul 14, 2026 | Contract Negotiation, Procurement

⚡ TL;DRPayment terms allocate credit, performance, document and country risk between buyer and supplier. Procurement should choose the least restrictive instrument that still controls the transaction: open-account structures for trusted relationships, documentary...